To ensure proper venipuncture, how should a dog’s head be positioned?

For successful venipuncture in dogs, positioning the dog's head slightly exceeding a 90-degree angle allows for easier access to the veins in the neck or forelimb. This positioning helps to keep the veins more prominent and accessible, thereby reducing the difficulty in obtaining a blood sample.

When the head is tilted in this manner, particularly in larger breeds where the neck may be more pronounced, the vessel walls can also be more taut, which aids the veterinary technician in accurately identifying the best point for insertion.

In contrast, other angles like a 45-degree angle or slightly lower positioning might obscure the veins or make it more challenging for the technician to maintain a secure hold during the procedure. An upright and straight position may limit access and comfort for the dog, interfering with the ability to perform the venipuncture smoothly. Thus, the recommended position is critical for facilitating a successful blood draw while also ensuring the comfort and safety of the animal.